In majoritarian or plurality systems – such as first-past-the-post (FPTP), instant-runoff voting (IRV also known as the alternative vote), block voting, and ranked-vote block voting – one party or voting bloc can take all the seats in a district. ![]() ![]() This makes it different from other district voting systems. ![]() Under STV, no one party or voting bloc can take all the seats in a district unless the number of seats in the district is very small or almost all the votes cast are cast for one party's candidates (which is seldom the case). STV aims to approach proportional representation based on votes cast in the district where it is used, so that each vote is worth about the same as another. Voters have the option to rank candidates, and their vote may be transferred according to alternate preferences if their preferred candidate is eliminated or elected with surplus votes, so that their vote is used to elect someone they prefer over others in the running. ![]() The single transferable vote ( STV) is a multi-winner electoral system in which each voter casts a single vote in the form of a ranked-choice ballot.
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